pronunciation 01

Unit One: /T/
think bathroom teeth /TINk/ /bQTrum/ /tiT/
How to Make the Sound
Place the tip of your tongue between your upper and lower teeth. Don't put it between your
lips. Make the sound by forcing air through the opening between your teeth and tongue.
Don't vibrate your vocal cords.
Exercise One: Word Repetition
Listen to the following words and repeat.
Thursday without teeth
think bathroom path
third nothing method
throw breathless booth
Thelma mythology wrath
Exercise Two: Minimal Pairs
Listen to the following word pairs. Repeat them, being careful to make the distinction
between the two sounds.
three free thin sin
Thor soar pass path
both boat fought thought
tore Thor moth moss
frilled thrilled three free
Exercise Three: Phrases with /T/
You will hear phrases of words that either contain the sound /T/ or do not. As you listen to
each, phrase circle yes if you hear /T/, and circle no if you do not.
1. yes no 4. yes no 7. yes no
2. yes no 5. yes no 8. yes no
3. yes no 6. yes no 9. yes no
Exercise Four: Minimal Pair Distinction
Part One
You will hear the sentences below, but only one of the italicized words will be spoken.
Circle the one word which you hear.
1. Geoffrey saw the pass/path and took it.
2. Thora and Thelma read all about the trees/threes.
3. After the rain, his booths/boots were covered with mud.
4. All the students saw the free/three men and applauded.
5. The new manager really liked his new theme/team.
Part Two
Listen for the missing words and write them on the lines below.
6. That man was when I saw him.
7. Paula and John were by the Halloween costumes.
8. The little girl had a big ___________.
9. My are no good.
10. The baseball player had a hot .
Exercise Five: Dictation
Listen to the sentences and write them.
1. _____________________________________thumb._______
2. ____________________thirsty _________________________
3. _________________________________________healthy.___
4. ____________________________________________fine.___
5. _______________________moths_______________________
Exercise Six: Questions for Answers Given
In this section, you will hear 5 answers. You will not hear the questions. Listen carefully to
the answer, and then record the question in the space provided on your tape by using your
drill/record button.
Example: ______________________? I'm fine, thanks.
(you record "How are you?" onto your tape BEFORE the answer.)
1. Do you think…
2. Have…
3. Was…
4. Did…
5. Was…
Unit One Tongue Twisters
Say these tongue twisters out loud to practice the sound.
1. Thor is the god of Thunder.
/Tçr Iz D´ gAd !v T!nd´r/
2. Thelma and Theo have bad breath.
/TElm´ Qnd TioW hQv bQd brET/
3. Three free thrilling frills fought on Ruth's roof.
/Triy friy TrIlIN frIlz fAt çn ruTs ruf/
4. Thieves are thankless thugs who deserve our wrath.
/Tivz Ar TQNkl´s T!gz huW d´z´rv AWr rQT/
5. Nothing is worth thousands of deaths.
/n!TIN Iz w´rT TAwz´nz !v dETs/
6. Mr. Smith's teeth are thin and lethal.
/mIst´r smITs tiT Ar TIn Qnd liT´l/
7. Thursdays are thirsty days for lethargic Ruth and Thelma.
/T´rzdeyz Ar T´rsti dEIz fçr l´TArdZIk ruT ´n TElm´/
8. It seems themes are sought by thousands of mythical misses.
/It simz Timz Ar sAt baI TAWz´nz !v mIT´k´l mIs´z/
9. Thick ticks on three trees brought broth to ten thin tin men.
/TIk tIks An Tri triz brAt brAT tu tEn TIn tIn mIn/
10. Sick thickets thwarted seven thin sinners from passing through.
/sIk TIk´ts Twçrt´d sEv´n TIn sIn´rz frvm pQsIN TruW/
Unit One
Minimal Pair Exercises for Student Pairs A
You and your partner have different sheets, either A or B.
Read your words from the list below to your partner, and he or she will mark down which
word was different (either the first, second, or third). Then, your partner will read, and you
will mark down on your worksheet either the first, second, or third (whichever is different).
Example: You hear "Thor—sore—Thor"; you write 2 in the space provided, as the second
(sore) was different from the first and third (Thor).
1. think sink sink 1. ____________________ (1, 2, or 3)
2. fought fought thought 2. ____________________
3. boat both boat 3. _____________________
4. broth broth brought 4. _____________________
5. sin thin thin 5. _____________________
6. moth moth moss 6. _____________________
7. Thor sore sore 7. ______________________
8. pass pass path 8. ______________________
9. three free three 9. ______________________
10. frilled frilled thrilled 10. ______________________
Unit One
Minimal Pair Exercises for Student Pairs B
You and your partner have different sheets, either A or B.
Read your words from the list below to your partner, and he or she will mark down which
word was different (either the first, second, or third). Then, your partner will read, and you
will mark down on your worksheet (either the first, second, or third, whichever is different).
Example: You hear "Thor—sore—Thor"; you write 2 in the space provided, as the second
(sore) was different from the first and third (Thor).
1. thin sin sin 1. ____________________ (1, 2, or 3)
2. frilled thrilled thrilled 2. ____________________
3. boat both both 3. _____________________
4. path path pass 4. _____________________
5. thin thin sin 5. _____________________
6. moss moth moss 6. _____________________
7. free three three 7. ______________________
8. sink sink think 8. ______________________
9. brought broth brought 9. ______________________
10. sore Thor sore 10. ______________________
Unit One Pair Dictation A
Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many times as your partner needs. Then,
write down what your partner tells you. Ask your partner to repeat if necessary.
Beth and Faithful
Beth, a nurse, likes to think about how things were in the good old days. Beth remembers
taking her dog, Faithful, for a walk along the garden path. She liked to throw things for
Faithful to catch. The garden had 33 kinds of plants and thousands of flowers. For Beth,
nothing compared to a thoughtful walk through the garden.
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Unit One Pair Dictation B
Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many times as your partner needs. Then,
write down what your partner tells you. Ask your partner to repeat if necessary.
Thankful Ruth
Ruth doesn't like to remember things from the past. 13 years ago, Ruth came close to death.
She was very thin and lost 30 pounds. Three of her teeth also fell out. Ruth is thankful for
her nurse, Beth, who helped her through thick and thin. Now, Ruth can enjoy long,
thoughtful baths.
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Unit One: Information Gap Exercise A
In this exercise, sit opposite your partner. Your partner will ask you which word goes into
the empty boxes. You will pronounce the word in your box, and your partner will write
down what you said. Then you ask your partner to pronounce the words in your missing
boxes.
Possible questions:
"Can you tell me the word which is in D-2?"
"Could you repeat that, please?"
A1 B1 C1 D1
A2 B2 C2 D2
A3 B3 C3 D3
A4 B4 C4 D4
sought free
three
Thor
root
sink fink
think
Unit One: Information Gap Exercise B
In this exercise, sit opposite your partner. Your partner will ask you which word goes into
the empty boxes. You will pronounce the word in your box, and your partner will write
down what you said. Then you ask your partner to pronounce the words in your missing
boxes.
Possible questions:
"Can you tell me the word which is in D-2?"
"Could you repeat that, please?"
A1 B1 C1 D1
A2 B2 C2 D2
A3 B3 C3 D3
A4 B4 C4 D4
fought
three
tree
sore
Thor
Ruth
both throb
Unit One: Dialogue
With a partner, practice the conversation below until you have memorized it. Then, perform
it in front of your class. (For names, you can substitute Thor, Theo, Thelma, Beth or any
other name with / T / on the lines provided)
__________: Hello __________ how are you?
__________: Fine, thanks. And how are you, __________?
__________: I'm OK, I guess. Thanks for asking. But I think my health is not so good.
__________: You think so, __________? You look fine! I think you seem a little thin.
__________: No, I don't think I'm any thinner, but thanks anyway. No, I think
my teeth are unhealthy.
__________: You should see a dentist. I'm thinking of going on Thursday. Do
you want to come with me, __________?
__________: Thanks, but no. I think by Thursday I'll have healthy teeth
again. I hope.
__________: I hope so too, __________.

pronunciation 10

Unit Ten VOWEL+R
Exercises
Part One: Listen and repeat from left to right.
bar bare beer burr bore boor
par pear peer purr pour poor
far fare fear fur for
Part Two: Minimal Pairs
Listen to the three words. Two will be the same. One will be different. Write 1 if the first
one is different, write 2 if the second, and write 3 if the third one is different on the line
provided.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
Part Three: Word Missing
Listen and write in the missing words.
1. Did he go to the _____________ mission?
2. Did he go to the _____________ mission?
3. He bought four ___________ at the fair.
4. He bought four ___________ at the fair.
5. Barb really didn't want see the ____________.
6. Barb really didn't want see the ____________.
7. Larry and Laura __________ their carvings last night.
8. Larry and Laura __________ their carvings last night.
9. The four girls waited for __________.
10. The four girls waited for __________.
Part Four: Dictation: Listen to the sentences and write them on the lines below.
1. __________________________________weird________________
2. _________care__________________________________________
3._______________________________________________________
4._______________________________________horrifying.________
5. __Birds________________________________________________
Part Five: Questions for Answers Given
In this section, you will hear 5 answers. You will not hear the questions. Listen carefully to
the answer, and then record the question in the space provided on your tape by using your
drill/record button.
Example: ______________________? I'm fine, thanks.
(you record "How are you?" onto your tape BEFORE the answer.)
1. Did…
2. Were…
3.
4.
5. Were there…
Unit Ten Tongue Twisters
Say the following sentences aloud, paying attention to the VOWEL+R sound.
1. Four fur-bearing bearded larks lurked near Larry.
/fr frbr birdd lrks lrkt nir lri/
2. Farther than further father feared.
/frr æn frr fr fird/
3. "Sure, lure poor Dirk further into girl problems."
/r, lur pur drk frr nt rl prblmz/
4. Laura's forty-four whirling dervishes had durable curves.
/lrz frti fr wrl drvz hæd drbl krvz/
5. Bored birds barred Barry from further harm.
/brd brdz brd bri frm frr hrm/
6. Poor weather assured Barb that her fears were perturbed.
/pur wr rd brb æt hr firz wr prtrbd/
7. Carl cursed as he cavorted after four beer.
/krl krst æz hi kævortd æftr fr bir/
8. Bears and beer, bears and bourbon, and bears and barley don't mix.
/brz n bir, brz n brbn, n brz n brli dont mks/
9. In fact, bears are usually barred from beer bars if they do drink.
/n fækt, brz r uli brd frm bir brz f  du drk/
10. Barry, Laura, Barbara, and Larry were burned for four hundred dollars at Dirk's dark and dank casino.
/bri, lr, barbr, n lri wr brnd fr fr hndrd dlrz æt drks
drk n dæk ksino/
UNIT 10: VOWEL + R A
DIRECTIONS
Work with a partner. First, repeat the words below. Your partner will write down the word
which sounds different. Then, your partner will read his/her words. Write down the word
which sounds different.
1. bar burr burr _______________
2. fear fear far _______________
3. dear dare dear _______________
4. jar jar jaw _______________
5. lark lurk lark _______________
6. bare boor boor _______________
7. pear purr pear _______________
8. gargle gurgle gargle _______________
9. rear rear roar _______________
10. tar tear tear _______________
UNIT 10: VOWEL + R B
DIRECTIONS
Work with a partner. First, repeat the words below. Your partner will write down the word
which sounds different. Then, your partner will read his/her words. Write down the word
which sounds different.
1. pear purr purr _______________
2. dear dare dare _______________
3. tear tear tar _______________
4. lurk lurk lark _______________
5. bar burr bar _______________
6. bare bare boor _______________
7. gurgle gurgle gargle _______________
8. jar jaw jar _______________
9. rear rear rare _______________
10. far fear far _______________
Unit 10 Pair Dictation A
Directions: Work with a partner. Stand on the opposite side of the room from your partner.
Read, practice, and remember the first sentence from the dictation. Then, walk over to your
partner, and tell your partner the sentence. When your partner has written it correctly, go
back to this page, and read, practice and remember the next sentence. Finish the dictation in
this way.
Hairy Harold
There was a guy named Harold who rarely arranged an appointment at the barber. Harold
also rarely used a razor. So Harold was really hairy. His dark hair covered his ears, his
throat, and his fingers. Hairy Harold dreamed of marrying Fair Laurie, the daughter of a
reckless car racer. Hairy Harold discovered, however, that Fair Laurie researched bear fur,
which Harold was allergic to.
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Unit Ten Pair Dictation B
Directions: Work with a partner. Stand on the opposite side of the room from your partner.
Read, practice, and remember the first sentence from the dictation. Then, walk over to your
partner, and tell your partner the sentence. When your partner has written it correctly, go
back to this page, and read, practice and remember the next sentence. Finish the dictation in
this way.
Fair Laurie
Laurie was a fair-skinned, freckled researcher of bear fur. Fair Laurie was not in favour of
marrying another fair person. She liked the dark-haired Harold. However, because Harold
was allergic to her area of research, bear fur, Laurie agreed to change her major from bear
fur to boar bristles. Laurie and Harold were married in early January, and returned to work
later in February.
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Unit Ten: Information Gap Exercise A
In this exercise, sit opposite your partner. Your partner will ask you which word goes into
the empty boxes. You will pronounce the word in your box, and your partner will write
down what you said. Then you ask your partner to pronounce the words in your missing
boxes.
Possible questions:
"Can you tell me the word which is in D-2?"
"Could you repeat that, please?"
A1 B1 C1 D1
A2 B2 C2 D2
A3 B3 C3 D3
A4 B4 C4 D4
Four
coloured
birds
Barney’s
side-burns
Gerry’s jaw
Gerald
tore his
hair
Rarely is
father
further
Bars bar
bears Laurie was
looking
Bernie’s
berry farm
Unit Ten: Information Gap Exercise B
In this exercise, sit opposite your partner. Your partner will ask you which word goes into
the empty boxes. You will pronounce the word in your box, and your partner will write
down what you said. Then you ask your partner to pronounce the words in your missing
boxes.
Possible questions:
"Can you tell me the word which is in D-2?"
"Could you repeat that, please?"
A1 B1 C1 D1
A2 B2 C2 D2
A3 B3 C3 D3
A4 B4 C4 D4
Jerry’s jar
A partridge
in a pear
tree
Larry is
Laurie’s
father
bare arms
are burned
Bernice’s
barnyard
Fern
fears fur
Larry was
lurking
Harold
swore at
his girl
DIALOGUE
VOWEL WITH R
DIRECTIONS
Work with a partner and practice the following dialogue until you memorize it. When you
have memorized it, say it for your instructor.
SITUATION
Two friends are discussing the advantages and disadvantages of wine.
Rick: Charlotte, have you ever taken a tour of a local winery?
Charlotte: Yeah, several years ago I took the Kelowna Wines tour. Why?
Rick: I was just wondering. I've never taken a tour, but I'd like to try
something different this Thursday.
Charlotte: To tell you the truth, I prefer a beer at the bar. Beer's much
better.
Rick: Beer! You're crazy!
Charlotte: Crazy? Why? Beer's made from barley, you know.
Rick: So what. Wine's made from grapes.
Charlotte: That's true, but I always get a hangover from wine.
Rick: Really? Are you sure?
Charlotte: Sure I'm sure; especially red wine.
Rick: Well, have no fear! I'll try the tour anyway. One sip won't hurt.
Unit Ten Answer Key
Part Two:
1. far for far
2. carve carve curve
3. pour poor pour
4. father farther farther
5. far fall far
Part three:
1. Did he go to the FATHER mission?
2. Did he go to the Farther mission?
3. He bought four BEERS at the fair.
4. He bought four BEARS at the fair.
5. Barb really didn't want to see the POOR.
6. Barb really didn't want to see the PORE.
7. Larry and Laura CARVED their carvings last night.
8. Larry and Laura CURVED their carvings last night.
9. The four girls waited for DARK.
10. The four girls waited for DIRK.
DICTATION
1. Those are certainly weird words.
2. Car care is very nearly necessary in today's world.
3. Barry buried his strawberries.
4. A burning barn is sort of horrifying.
5. Birds were turning over her fair hair.
Questions for answers given.
1. Did Carmen and Harry come to your party? Yes, Carmen and Harry came to my party.
2. Were George and Laura scared of the birds? No, George and Laura were not scared of the birds.
3. Does Barry like berries? No, he doesn't like berries, but Barry likes cherries.
4. Is your hair your favorite colour? Yes, my hair is my favorite colour.
5. Were there forty-four bears there? No, there weren't forty-four bears there, there were only thirty-three.

Writing 01

Susunan Kata Dalam Kalimat

Agar kalimat yang kita gunakan punya arti dan dapat dimengerti dengan baik oleh pendengar atau pembaca, maka kita perlu menyusunnya dengan susunan yang baik dan benar. Susunannya adalah sebagai berikut:

Subject

Subject selalu berada di depan Kata Kerja dan berada di awal Kalimat.

• She Is My Friend.
• It Is My Bag.
• The Dog Barked.

Pada Kalimat Tanya, Kalimat biasanya diawali dengan Auxiliary Verb yang diikuti dengan Subject.

• Is She Your Friend?
• Is It Your Bag?
• Did The Dog Bark?

Object

Object normalnya berada setelah Kata Kerja.

• He Killed The Snake. 
• I Love My Mother.

Kalau ada 2 Objek, letakkan Objek Tak Langsung di depan Objek Langsung.

• She Brought Me A Cup Of Coffee. (Indirect Object - Me, Direct Object - Cup Of Coffee)
• I Told Them A Story. (Indirect - Them, Direct - Story)

Adjective

Jika berfungsi sebagai Attributive, letakkan di depan Kata Benda yang dijelaskannya.

• Few Children Came.
• She Is A Beautiful Girl.
• He Is A Lazy Boy.

Jika berfungsi sebagai Predicative, letakkan setelah Kata Kerja.

• She Is Beautiful.
• He Is Lazy.

Adverb

Adverb biasanya diletakkan berdekatan dengan kata yang diterangkannya.

• He Is A Rather Lazy Boy.
• I Was Pleasantly Surprised.

Phrases and clauses

Frase dan Klausa seharusnya diletakkan berdekatan dengan kata-kata yang dijelaskannya.

• She Left The Bread That Was Too Hard To Eat On The Counter.
• I Bought A Clock With Crooked Hands From The Shop.

Catatan

Untuk penekanan, kita kadang-kadang perlu merubah susunan kalimat yang normal, misalnya Kata yang ingin kita tekankan, kita letakkan di awal kalimat.

Bandingkan:

• Though He Was Intelligent, He Couldn't Solve The Problem.
• Intelligent Though He Was, He Couldn't Solve The Problem. (Kita Ingin Menekankan Kata Intelligent.)

Ada juga kalimat yang diawali dengan Adverbs atau Adverb Phrase.

• The Annual Examination Will Start Tomorrow.
• Tomorrow The Annual Examination Will Start.
• The Strong Wind Howled Outside.
• Outside, The Strong Wind Howled.
• I Visited Paris During The Summer.
• During The Summer, I Visited Paris.

Jika kita ingin meletakkan Adverb atau Adverb Phrase di awal kalimat, maka gunakanlah koma.

Vocabulary 12

Animal
Di bawah ini adalah istilah-istilah dalam Bahasa Inggris, khususnya Binatang/Hewan. Silahkan cek Kamus Anda untuk melihat artinya.

Amphibians

• Frog
• Frogspawn
• Tadpole
• Toad
• Newt

Arachnids

• Scorpion
• Spider
• Tarantula

Birds

• Eagle
• Albatross
• Blackbird
• Jackdaw
• Jay
• Duck
• Owl
• Falcon
• Pheasant
• Finch
• Flamingo
• Goose
• Vulture
• Hawk
• Rooster
• Canary
• Nuthatch
• Crow
• Cuckoo
• Biddy
• Kookaburra
• Swift
• Tit
• Gull
• Nightingale
• Parrot
• Pelican
• Peacock
• Penguin
• Piranha
• Raven
• Robin
• Swallow
• Swan
• Parakeet
• Sparrow
• Woodpecker
• Mallard
• Stork
• Ostrich
• Dove, Pigeon
• Turkey
• Kestrel
• Wren
• Coat
• Crest
• Talon
• Beak

Butterflies

• Peacock Butterfly
• Red Admiral
• Silkworm
• Swallowtail

Fishes and Marine Animals

• Eel
• Barbel
• Perch
• Trout
• Shrimp
• Goldfish
• Shark
• Pike
• Halibut
• Lobster
• Cod
• Scallop
• Carp
• Crab
• Crab
• Salmon
• Shell
• Jellyfish
• Ray
• Sawfish
• Haddock
• Plaice
• Swordfish
• Manatee
• Seahorse
• Starfish
• Sturgeon
• Squid
• Tuna (Fish)
• Catfish
• Gill
• Muzzle
• Dorsal Fin
• Scales
• Tail Fin

Insects

• Ant
• Bee
• Aphid
• Fly
• Flea
• Grasshopper
• Bumblebee
• Cockroach
• Beetle
• Larva
• Louse (Pl. Lice)
• Dragonfly
• Maggot
• Ladybug
• Moth
• Midge
• Nymph
• Caterpillar
• Gadfly
• Millipede
• Harvestman
• Wasp

Mammals

• Anteater
• Antelope
• Bear
• Beaver
• Badger
• Dachshund
• Dolphin
• Squirrel
• Polar Bear
• Elephant
• Elk (BE)
• Moose (AE)
• Sloth
• Hare
• Otter
• Bat
• Fox
• Gazelle
• Giraffe
• Grizzly Bear
• Armadillo
• Hamster
• Hare
• Deer, Hart
• Hyena
• Hedgehog
• Polecat
• Camel
• Llama
• Lion
• Lynx
• Mammoth
• Mouse
• Mule
• Mole
• Guinea Pig
• Mongoose
• Marmot
• Rhinoceros
• Mink
• Bullock
• Panda
• Horse
• Pony
• Prairie Dog
• Puma
• Rat
• Deer
• Reindeer
• Seal
• Sheep
• Chimpanzee
• Platypus
• Pig, Hog
• Seal
• Porcupine
• Skunk
• Tiger
• Whale
• Racoon
• Weasel
• Wolf
• Gerbil
• Zebra
• Goat
• Coat, Fur
• Antler
• Claw
• Muzzle, Stout
• Paw
• Muzzle
• Whisker
• Tail
• Tusk
• Blowhole
• Trunk

Molluscs (BE), Mollusks (AE)

• Slug
• Snail
• Reptiles
• Blindworm
• Boa
• Chameleon
• Diamondback Rattlesnake
• Saurian
• Lizard
• Gecko
• Poisonous / Venomous Snake
• Sidewinder
• Coral Snake
• Crocodile
• Iguana
• Mojave Rattlesnake
• Copperhead
• Python
• Salamander
• Tortoise, Turtle
• Snake
• Sea Snake
• Southern Pacific Rattlesnake
• Cottonmouth
• Constrictor Snake
• Shell

Worms

• Tapeworm
• Leech
• Earthworm
• Round Worm

sumber: http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/

Vocabulary 11

Sentences
Sentence atau kalimat adalah sekumpulan kata yang mempunyai makna yang dapat dipahami maknanya dan memiliki sedikitnya Subjek dan Predikat.

Unsur-unsur Kalimat
a.      Subject
Subjek adalah seseorang atau sesuatu yang menjadi bahan pembicaraan.
Contoh:

• Jack Has Called The Police. (Jack = Subject)
• The Novel Is On The Table. (The Novel = Subject)

Yang dapat menjadi subject kalimat adalah:
A. Simple Subject, yang dapat dibentuk oleh:
a)      Nouns (Kata Benda)

• Birds Are Fowl.
• Indonesia Has The Largest Amount Of Moslem In The World.

b)      Pronouns (Kata Ganti)

• He Cut My Hair Yesterday.
• They Had Discussed The Matter Before The Chairman Left.

c)       Adjectives as Nouns (Kata Sifat Yang Berfungsi Sebagai Kata Benda)

• The Poor Needs Helping.
• The Unemployed Are Hopeless.

d)      Infinitives as Nouns (Infinitif yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda)

• To Pass The Exam Is First Priority.
• To Say Is Easy But To Do Is Difficult.

e)      Participles as Nouns (Participle yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda)

• Swimming Is My Hobby.
• Smoking Is Really Bad For Your Health.

B. Compound Subject
Compound Subject terdiri dari 2 atau lebih yang menjadi satu kesatuan makna.

• The Plane Leaves At 7.
• His Brother's Father-In-Law Passed Away Two Days Ago.

Pada saat suatu kalimat tidak memiliki subjek, maka IT dan THERE berfungsi sebagai subject kalimatnya. Pada saat kita berbicara "panas sekali hari ini", maka kita akan menyatakannya dengan "It is very hot today".

• It Is Sunday Today.
• There Is A Good Show Today. 

b.      Predicate
Predicate adalah kata yang menerangkan keadaan subject kalimat. Dalam Bahasa Inggris, jika suatu kalimat tidak memiliki Predicate kata kerja, maka posisi kata kerjanya harus digantikan dengan auxiliary (kata kerja Bantu).
a.      Contoh Kalimat Verbal (Kalimat yang predikatnya adalah kata kerja)

• Mr. Henry Teaches Us English.
• The Dog Slept Under A Tree.

b.      Contoh Kalimat Non-Verbal (kalimat yang predikatnya bukan kata kerja)
Kalimat Non-Verbal ini terdiri dari:
a)      Nominal Sentence (Kalimat yang predikatnya kata benda)

• She Is A Teacher.
• My Parents Are Doctors.

b)      Adjectival Sentence (Kalimat yang predikatnya kata sifat)

• The Boy Is Sick.
• Alex And Ed Are Diligent.

c)       Adverbial Sentence (Kalimat yang predikatnya adalah kata keterangan)

• The Coffee Is Too Hot To Drink.
• She Is Usually At Home On Sundays.

d)      Prepositional Sentence (Kalimat yang predikatnya adalah kata depan)

• My Mother Is At Home Today.
• The Book Is On The Table.

c.       Object
Object (Penderita) adalah kata yang menjadi sasaran apa yang dilakukan oleh subject. Namun, tidak semua kata kerja memiliki objek. Hanya kata kerja transitif saja yang membutuhkan objek. Sedangkan kata kerja intransitif tidak membutuhkan objek, seperti menangis, mendidih, berjalan, dll.
Kadangkala sebuah kalimat memiliki 2 object. Perhatikan contoh kalimat berikut ini:

• Andy Gives Me A Book.-          Me = Objek Tak Langsung (Indirect Object)-          A Book = Objek Langsung (Direct Object)

Untuk menandai yang mana objek langsung maupun tidak langsung cukuplah mudah. Kita harus tahu object dari predicate kalimat itu apa? Maka itulah objek langsungnya.

• Andy Memberikan Apa? Sebuah Buku

Maka, a book adalah direct object. Kalimat tersebut dapat juga dibentuk dengan:

• Andy Gives A Book To Me.

Untuk lebih jelasnya, marilah perhatikan pembahasan mengenai Direct dan Indirect object berikut ini:
A.      Direct Object
Direct Object adalah penderita langsung dari suatu tindakan di dalam satu kalimat. Contohnya,He hits the ball. Namun kita harus berhati-hati untuk membedakan antara Direct Objectdengan Object Complement.
Perhatikan contoh berikut ini:

• They Named Their Daughter Elizabeth.

Dalam kalimat ini, "daughter" adalah Direct Object dan "Elizabeth" adalah Object Complement, yang menggambarkan atau memberikan penjelasan dari direct object-nya.
B.      Indirect Object
Indirect Object mengindentifikasikan untuk siapa tindakan tersebut dilakukan. Direct dan Indirect Object dapat berupa orang, tempat, atau sesuatu yang berbeda.
Perhatikan kembali contoh berikut ini untuk membedakan antara direct dan indirect object. Yang bercetak tebal adalah Direct Object dan yang bercetak miring adalah Indirect Object.

• The Teacher Gives His Students A's.
• Grandfather Left Melissa All His Money.

Indirect Object dapat digunakan dalam beberapa cara seperti berikut ini:

• Lend Me Some Money (Lend Some Money To Me)
• Make Me A Cup Of Coffee (Make A Cup Of Coffee For Me)

Pola-pola Untuk Menempatkan Direct dan Indirect Object.
Pola A

• I Give Him An Apple

Pola B

• I Give An Apple To Him.

Pola C

• I Bought A Car For Her. (= I Bought Her A Car)

Kata Kerja yang digunakan untuk Pola A dan B adalah:Write, read, show, teach, tell, sell, send, leng, bring, take, pass, give
Kata Kerja yang digunakan untuk Pola A dan C adalah:Buy, get, make, find, do, bake, cash, save
Kata Kerja yang digunakan untuk Pola A saja adalah:Ask, cost, charge, wish.
Kata Kerja yang digunakan untuk Pola B saja adalah:Explain, announce, describe, introduce, mention, prove, repeat, say, speak, report
Kata kerja yang digunakan untuk Pola C saja adalah:Open, answer, close, change, pronounce, prescribe
(Ketika dipakai dengan for, berarti artinya sama dengan "untuk kepentingan")
Kata Kerja Untuk Semua PolaSing
Kata kerja yang tidak dapat digunakan untuk semua pola (Kata Kerja Intransitive)Eat, sleep, boil, etc.
d.      Complement
Complement (pelengkap) adalah kata yang melengkapi maksud dari kata kerja (predikat) dalam suatu kalimat.
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, complement dibagi menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu:

• Subjective Complement, Yaitu Kata Yang Melengkapi Subjek Dari Sebuah Kalimat.
• Objective Complement, Yaitu Kata Yang Melengkapi Objek Dari Sebuah Kalimat.

Kata-kata umum yang dapat dinyatakan sebagai Complement adalah:

• Adjectives
• Nouns
• Prepositions With Object
• Adverbs

Complement sangat diperlukan oleh:
a. Transitive Verbs (Kata Kerja yang membutuhkan objek) read, write, make, invite, dll.

• The News Makes Me Upset. (Upset = Objective Complement)
• The King Appointed Pak Belalang His Royal Astrologer. (His Royal Astrologer = Objective Complement)
• They Voted Me Chairman. (Chairman = Objective Complement)

b. Intransitive Verbs (Kata Kerja yang tidak membutuhkan objek) seperti boil, walk, sleep, dll.

• He Grew Happier Gradually (Happier = Subjective Complement)
• They Came Here Yesterday. (Here = Subjective Complement)
• You Look Beautiful. (Beautiful = Subjective Complement)

c.Linking Verbs

• She Is A Nurse (A Nurse = Subjective Complement)
• The Game Is Now Over (Now = Subjective Complement)
• The Coffee Is Too Hot To Drink. (Too = Subjective Complement)

e.      Adjunct

Adjunct adalah kata yang menerangkan tentang object atau subject kalimat. Adjuct ini biasanya terdiri dari keterangan tambahan seperti keterangan waktu, tempat, dll.

• I Usually Drink A Cup Of Coffee In The Morning.
• She Came Here Yesterday.
• I Go To School By Bus.

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2.      Klasifikasi Kalimat

A.      Berdasarkan penggunaannya, kalimat terbagi atas:

A.1    Declarative Sentence, yaitu kalimat berita/pernyataan, positif maupun negatif, benar maupun bohong.

• We Are Happy.
• She Is Not At Home Today

A.2    Interrogative Sentence, yaitu Kalimat Tanya.

Kalimat Tanya terbagi lagi atas:

A.2.1 Yes/No Question, yaitu pertanyaan yang jawabannya ya atau tidak.

• Is John A Doctor?
• Can You Swim Well?
• Has She Called The Police?

A.2.2 Wh-Question mengajak pembicara untuk mengetahui lebih jauh tentang sebuah topic pembicaraan. 

• What Is Your Name?
• Where Do You Live?
• Which One Is Your Book?

Perhatikan contoh sederhana berikut ini:

Susie invites Alex to her party tonight.

• Who Invites Alex To Her Party Tonight?
• What Does Susie Do To Alex To Her Party Tonight?
• Whom Does Susie Invite To Her Party Tonight?
• Where Does Susie Invite Alex Tonight?
• When Does Susie Invite Alex To Her Party? 

Perhatikan kelima contoh kalimat diatas!. Bahwa kita tidak menggunakan do, does, atau did setelah who. Sedangkan do, does, did dipakai untuk selainnya.

A.2.3 Embedded Question adalah pertanyaan yang ada di dalam suatu pernyataan lain. Contoh pertanyaan seperti dalam Bahasa Indonesia adalah "saya tidak tahu apakah dia mau pergi atau tidak."

Ada 2 cara untuk membentuk Embedded Question, yaitu:

• Jika Di Dalam Suatu Pernyataan Terdapat Kalimat Tanya (8W 1 H), Maka Gunakan Langsung Kata Tanya Tersebut.
• Jika Tidak Terdapat Kata Tanya, Maka Gunakan "Whether" Untuk Menggantikan Kata "Apakah".

Catatan:

Susunan kalimat setelah kata Tanya "whether" dalam Embedded Question harus kembali ke dalam susunan normal ( S + V + dll) dan tidak ada tanda tanya di akhir kalimat.

Contoh:

"Saya tidak tahu dimana Alex tinggal"

• I Do Not Know Where Alex Lives.         (Benar)
• I Do Not Know Where Does Alex Live. (Salah)
• I Do Not Know Where Alex Lives ?       (Salah)
• I Do Not Know Where Does Alex Live? (Salah)

"Ibu saya ingin tahu apakah kalian akan pergi besok."

• My Mother Wonders Whether You Will Go Tomorrow. (Benar)
• My Mother Wonders Will You Go Tomorrow.                (Salah)

A.3    Imperative Sentence, yaitu Kalimat perintah yang mencakup kalimat permohonan, do'a dan sebagainya.

Bentuk kalimat ini subjek kalimatnya adalah "you", namun dalam penulisan dan pengucapan selalu tidak disebutkan. Kemudian kata "please" biasanya ditambahkan di awal atau akhir kalimat. Namun kalau "please" diletakkan di akhir kalimat, maka didahului oleh "koma". Selain itu, di akhir kalimat selalu ditambahkan "tanda seru" jika "please" ada di awal kalimat dan "tanda Tanya" jika "please" ada di akhir kalimat.

1.      Positive Imperative

a)      Diawali dengan kata kerja

• Open The Door, Please?
• Please Pass Me The Sugar!

Perbedaan antara "please" di awal kalimat dengan di akhir kalimat adalah sebagai berikut:

• "Please" Di Awal Kalimat Berarti Perintah, Dan
• "Please" Di Akhir Kalimat Berarti Sebuah Permintaan.

b)      Diawali dengan selain kata kerja

• Be Careful, Please?
• Please Be Patient!

2.      Negative Imperative (Larangan) 

a)      Diawali dengan kata kerja

• Please Don't Spit On The Floor!
• Don't Smoke Here, Please?

b)      Diawali dengan selain kata kerja

• Don't Be Lazy!
• Don't Be Late!

A.4    Exclamatory Sentence, yaitu Kalimat yang menyatakan seruan, terkejut, marah dll yang bersifat spontan.

Setidaknya ada 3 pola untuk membentuk kalimat seru ini, yaitu:

• What + Noun (Phrase) + Subject + Verb (Untuk Nouns Jamak Dan Tidak Dapat Dihitung)
• What A + Noun (Phrase) (Untuk Nouns Tunggal Dan Dapat Dihitung)
• How + Adjectives/Adverbs (Phrase) + Subject + Verb

Contoh:

• What Beautiful Cars You Have!
• What A Lovely Girl She Is
• How Beautiful You Are!

Exclamatory sentence dapat juga berupa ungkapan-ungkapan kata seru (interjection, yang akan dijelaskan di belakang)

Contoh:

• God Heaven!
• May God Bless You!
• Thank God!

B.      Berdasarkan Struktur kalimatnya, kalimat terbagi atas:

a)      Simple Sentence (Kalimat Sederhana)

Yaitu kalimat yang memiliki 1 gagasan atau ide bicara saja. Artinya kalimat yang hanya terdiri dari 1 kata kerja utama saja.

Contoh:

• A Teacher Teaches In Front Of The Class.
• The Students Listen Their Teacher Carefully.
• We Can't Make Him Come Early.

b)      Compound Sentence (Kalimat Majemuk)

Yaitu kalimat yang terdiri dari 2 ide pembicaraan yang disatukan oleh kata sambung (Conjunctions). Kalimat ini terdiri dari induk kalimat dan anak kalimat. Anak kalimat dimulai dengan kata sambung seperti and, but, because, when, while, for, since, dll.

Contoh:

• Anne Is Diligent But Her Sister Isn't.
• I Will Buy A Car If My Mother Gives Me The Money Today.
• She Can Pass The Exam Because She Studies Hard.

Kalimat yang bercetak miring di atas adalah anak kalimat. Anak kalimat adalah apabila kalimat tersebut berdiri sendiri (tanpa induk kalimatnya), kalimat tersebut tidak dapat dimengerti maksudnya. (but her sister isn't = tetapi kakaknya tidak). Pada kalimat tersebut, kita tidak mengerti begitu saja maksudnya tanpa induk kalimatnya.

c)       Complex Sentence (Kalimat Sempurna)

Yaitu kalimat yang hampir sama dengan kalimat majemuk, namun bisa terdiri dari lebih dari 1 anak kalimat dan dihubungkan dengan kata penghubung (Relative Pronouns) seperti who, whom, whose, that, dan which.

Contoh:

• The Man Who Cuts My Hair Is My Uncle.
• I Am Waiting For The Boy Whom You Are Talking About.
• The House Of Which Door Is Brown Is Mine.

d)      Compound-complex Sentence (Kalimat majemuk sempurna)

Yaitu kalimat yang merupakan gabungan dan kombinasi dari kedua kalimat di atas, yaitu kalimat yang terdiri dari 1 atau lebih induk kalimat dan 1 atau lebih anak kalimat.

Contoh:

• I Have Just Phoned Ted Who Had Told You That He Would Come To Your House Tomorrow And Asked Him To Bring His Wife Along.
• Jack Whose Mother Teaches You English Wants To Come To My House Today Although I Have Told Him That I Will Not Be At Home Today Because I Have Had An Appointment With Anybody.
• Even Though I Have Studied Hard Every Day, But I Can't Pass The Exam Which Is Given To Me.